Glossary term / Label-reading
Active ingredient
An ingredient included in a formula specifically to deliver a measurable cosmetic or drug effect.
01 / Definition
Full definition
In cosmetics, an active ingredient is one added to deliver a specific functional benefit — brightening, exfoliating, firming, or treating a skin concern — as distinct from base ingredients like emollients and preservatives that primarily carry or stabilise the formula. In OTC drug products (sunscreens, acne treatments, anti-dandruff shampoos), 'active ingredient' has a regulatory meaning: it is the drug substance recognised by the FDA as providing the therapeutic action and must be listed separately on the label with its concentration. In cosmetic-only products, the term is used loosely by brands to highlight key ingredients.
Examples
03 / Related terms